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"After three years of starvation wages, marked by wage freezes or increases in general very limited, 2012 could confirm the recovery that began this year," said Bruno Rocquemont, responsible for investigating compensation at Mercer France.

According to the survey (1) conducted by the consulting firm in human resources, business plan for most occupational categories increased by 3% (median) budget increase (collective and individual), against 2.5 % in 2011. The exceptions are the workers (+2.8%) and senior (2.9%). But in any case, it would exceed the average inflation of 1.7% in 2012 by the government.

End of the wage freeze

Two major trends. On the one hand an almost complete disappearance of the wage freeze, a measure widely implemented at the height of the crisis.However, 4% of companies plan to freeze the workers and managers.

In addition, the company forecasts reflected the "sacrosanct" rate increase of 3%, which was applied during the years before the crisis erupted instant payday loan.

In addition, both groups seem to be emerging. First, the majority, has given the 3% salary increase. A second, more prudent, considering between 2.1% and 2.5%.

The survey was conducted between March and mid-July, ie before the great economic and financial events of the summer (crisis in the euro area, downward revision in growth for 2011 and 2012, falling stock markets …), Mercer, again, questioned 142 of the 329 companies in its original sample.

"Eight out of ten believe that these events will bring them to scale back their budgets for salary review.This reduction could be 0.5 point fall. In contrast, companies planning to date, a wage freeze, are still a small minority, said Bruno Rocquemont. In this context, we have to closely follow the mandatory annual negotiations (NAO), which launched just been given in some societies and that will continue into March. "

(1) survey of 329 companies, mostly French subsidiaries of multinational corporations.

"If your forget you Papi, did you not understand!" This is the slogan that the Feast of grandfathers proudly looks for Sunday, October 2. This annual event occurred in 2008 reflects the growing weight What grandparents grandmothers are celebrated in France on the first Sunday in March since 1987 not only in the family hierarchy but also in the population. In fact, 50% of those age 55 have at least one small child personal loans for bad credit. "Women are becoming grandmothers at 54 years on average, while men are becoming grandparents at age 56," says Sophie Schmitt, founder and CEO of Seniosphere, a consulting firm in strategy and marketing on the target of baby Boomers and seniors.

Poster of the 2011 edition of the Festival of grandfathers. DR.

The Asian market does not yield to panic. After closing up slightly Wednesday, several Asian stock markets are divided down Thursday, but less pronounced than Wall Street and in Europe the day before. In Tokyo, the Nikkei ended down 0.63% to 8981.94 points after hitting a low of 8832.42 points.

Of the places in China, Hong Kong the Hang Seng 1.45% yield while the composite index of Shanghai Stock Exchange rose 0.68% to 1134.65 points. In Seoul, the Kospi index is left in the green, up 0.71% to 1819.14 points after plunging by 4% in early trade. The Stock Exchange of Sydney, in turn, close to equilibrium after a session spent in the red.

Investors remain concerned, however, fearing another recession in the United States and a spillover of the crisis of debt in the eurozone one hour payday loan.The gold and reached new records, crossing first the maximum 1800 dollars. It was worth 1814.50 dollars in the morning before going down to 1785 dollars. Another safe haven, the yen appreciates, and is worth 76.63 dollars, against 76.83 the previous day.

Oil also set off again down in Asia. Yet he had resisted the panic the day before with the announcement of a dramatic and unexpected decline in crude inventories in the United States. In morning trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" lost 79 cents to 82.10 dollars and that of Brent North Sea fell by 1.10 dollars to 105.58 dollars.

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Over the years, the credit card has become the preferred means of payment by the French, far ahead of the check. Very practical, its use costs, however, rather expensive, according to a study of the UFC-Que Choisir on Tuesday. This points to the "opacity of costs" charged by banks. Beginning with the annual fee, which averages to 47.80 euros. The most common international standard card with immediate debit (72.3% of users), is itself, charged EUR 36.30 per year on average. "Now, 15.30 euro had" no economic justification Identified, "says UFC-Que Choisir.

Adjust their shopping with a credit card can also be very expensive, if payment incident.Especially since, in most cases (64% of purchases), the payment terminal of the merchant does not verify the consumer's account is sufficiently powered.

Result, the consumer too much cricket will be charged fees, commissions called for intervention (8.50 euros on average per transaction). Customers without overdraft (23% in 2010 according to the documentary credit) would pay annually 2.7 billion euros in fresh incidents due to their credit card, including 1.8 billion euros for the only commissions intervention whereas the processing cost of these operations is evaluated by the CFU to 172 million. "This represents 83% margins for banks," Alain Bazot advance, the president of the Association, which campaigns for the abolition of these commissions.It will soon present to the Ministry of Economy of proposals to achieve a "credit card responsibly."

Strong reaction from banks

Just like what happens to our neighbors, she also advocates changing to a system that would systematically check whether the client can pay his purchase. It also proposes to set up a "modular card," because "banks are distributing cards are oversized in relation to the real needs of customers."

Banks have reacted strongly Tuesday. French Banking Federation (FBF) has reiterated that the "system of bank cards offer a service from a very high quality appreciated by customers."In addition, "certain proposals of the UFC-Que Choisir go against the freedom of customer choice and lead to an overall decline in the level of service, as the desire to impose a system to permit systematic" concludes the FBF.

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In Greece, the IMF Dominique Strauss-Kahn was among the first to sound the alarm. Without openly contradict the assurance of Europeans, as many economists doubted the success of the rescue plan launched a year ago: Too many deadlines, not enough growth.

Monday in Brussels, twelve months after betting that Greece would be in 2012 on the markets to finance its deficits, the countries of the euro went to the inevitable: the appointment is missed, the Papandreou government will need aid of fifty billion by 2013 in addition to 110 billion made a year ago, and the question is, nagging about the ability of Athens to one day repay her debts.

What the German liberals of the FDP already denounced as a "bottomless pit" is primarily a political problem for Angela Merkel.Since the beginning of the crisis of sovereign debt, German politicians proved less willing than others to raise money for the taxpayer at any price stability in the euro area.

To divert a debate as to poison repetitive, Germany now proposes to extend the repayment schedule in Athens. In consideration of a new fiscal tightening, would be the way to relieve the cash Greece and reduce all credits claimed on the rest of the eurozone.

78 billion euros to save Portugal

Wolfgang Schäuble, the Minister of Finance since Sunday added a condition sine qua non: "All credits will be rescheduled as well, that is to say, both those made by private banks as those granted by the various bailout fund set up by the EU and the seventeen countries of the euro.

The scenario is dictated by the desire to Berlin not to suggest to voters that he pays only instead of banks. He received on Monday, supported by Austria and Luxembourg. But it gives a cold sweat in the financial community and the European Central Bank (ECB). For many it is the first step towards a "restructuring" of Greek loans: in other words, debt forgiveness as an extension of time, lower interest rates, reduced principal or a cocktail of three .France and its banks heavily engaged in Athens, are against "all forms", repeats Christine Lagarde.

Shortly before the Eurogroup meeting on Monday night, the Barroso Commission has begun to cut corners. A restructuring would present "devastating consequences" for public and private creditors and Greece would be better advised to look for new resources in the accelerated implementation of its privatization plan. But "arrangements are always possible," said spokesman Amadeu Alfataj.Divided on the Greek case, the Europeans are, however, were more divided over the issue Portuguese EU finance ministers gave the go-ahead for a bailout plan for Portugal, which provides 78 billion euros in loans to joint the IMF in exchange for austerity.

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Mohamed Al Fayed at the cinema. The Egyptian billionaire has confirmed his interest in markets for the purchase of Pinewood Studios. "Mr. Al Fayed has noted recent speculation regarding a possible offer of his hand. It confirms the possibility of a cash offer at Pinewood, "says a note sent to the London Stock Exchange.

The announcement comes just two weeks after Pinwood has received a takeover offer by its shareholder Peel Holdings, which owns 29.8% of capital. The latter offers 190 pence per share representing a total supply of 87.8 million pounds (about 99.5 million euros). For now, Mohamed Al Fayed said that "it is not certain that an offer is made" but the markets themselves, are safe. Result: Pinewood share price jumped to 10.4% in session Thursday at 223 pence, giving studios a market capitalization of 100 million pounds.

For Peel, the difficulties accrue while the other shareholder of Pinewood, Crystal Amber Fund (28% stake), considers that the initial offer of 190 pence does not reflect the true value of the company.

The home of James Bond

This battle looming market reflects the growing interest of investors in these studios, the largest in Europe, located in Buckinghamshire (county of south-east England). For nearly 75 years, Pinewood has seen the greatest movie stars. He is best known for being the location of the main James Bond like From Russia with Love, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Moonraker and more recently Quantum of Solace.A studio is even dedicated to James Bond (the "007 course).

Pinwood was also chosen for the filming of blockbusters like the latest Harry Potter and Pirates of the Caribbean, but also The Bourne Ultimatum, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Mission Impossible or Lara Croft us fast cash. It's also where I will turn the next Clash of the Titans.

Very popular, Pinewood has reported a pretax profit of 5.8 million pounds last year, up 31%, and expects an increase in its turnover increase this year. The group also plans a massive investment of £ 20 million to expand the premises in Buckinghamshire.

Bet small productions

Pinewood has also ride the wave of success of the film The speech of a king who has won several Oscars with an initial budget of shooting only 9 million pounds.The low-budget films will be a priority for the studios that will focus on set at 2 million pounds.

The group also put on the hot market of TV and cinema in Latin America. A franchise agreement has been signed to that effect in the Dominican Republic.

Expanding empire

Mohamed Al Fayed, Pinewood get their hands on him to reconnect with his roots. The businessman had indeed already bought a studio in Egypt and participated in the production of the film four times Oscar-winning Chariots of Fire in 1981. The executive producer of this film was when her late son, Dodi al Fayed.

If he makes a bid and wins, especially Mohamed Al Fayed will relaunch its empire, amputated Harod stores, sold to a Qatari fund last year to 1.5 billion pounds.Always very diversified, its acquisitions include the Ritz Hotel in Paris, a hundred apartments in Hyde Park in England, the attraction Falls of Shin in Scotland and the London club football for Fulham.

"France must break with the drift of public accounts to ensure that macroeconomic stability is threatened." The study by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), presented Monday, delivers a verdict without appeal : Paris has no choice, it is now a question of balance and credibility.

The Secretary General of OECD, Angel Gurria said that the Organization was within its growth forecast for France to put this year from 1.6% to 2% and a "modest recovery" was engaged. He also – and especially – insisted on "the context of turbulence in some bond markets in the euro area" which is a "priority" fiscal consolidation.

France is far from being a good student in this field.Even if Economy Minister Christine Lagarde reiterated Monday now a public deficit target to 5.7% this year, 4.6% in 2012 and 3% in 2013, the path to get there may not be without pain.

As Bercy does not, for now, its way of doing this, the OECD's own recipe book: the effort to reduce the deficit will be targeted on spending, "making government more efficient and better by beating the age-related spending. " On the revenue side, we must continue to prune the niche tax and social ineffective and "consider raising taxes are the least harmful, such as taxes on environmental externalities, property and the VAT, the report recommends.Which states that the reduced rates of VAT for goods and services (food, building …) have a cost of around 15 to 20000000000 and it would be welcome to meet them.

"Golden Rule" budget

To avoid drift budget, the OECD recommends to include a "golden rule" in the Constitution – a rule which the government is working, but is unlikely to emerge to the extent that any constitutional amendment Membership requires a three-fifths of Parliament. The Organization, however, sees an "interest" since this rule could be "based on expenditure ceilings and revenue floors in a multi-annual budgeting and an independent fiscal council."The goal is not only greater control of the deficit but also to reach a debt back to 60% of GDP, according to European commitments.

Moreover, the Organization recommends improving the functioning of the housing market but also to further reform the labor market "in a country that suffers from a high deficit of jobs for less than 25 and those over 55 years. These age groups showed a deficit of 1.5 million jobs compared to the average of OECD countries.An improvement on this front "greatly relieve public finances, strengthen social cohesion and level of life," pleads the organization.

It recommends in particular to "continue to draw on the experience of Danish flexicurity" – generous unemployment benefits and increased access to training and assistance for job search, in exchange for protection Use limited and a strict obligation to accept offers of employment valid. Otherwise, warns the OECD, the pace of growth will "probably be insufficient to rapidly fall unemployment."

The rebound began last Friday Asian stock markets continued early in the week. On Monday, all the contracts displayed in green unless the Tokyo Stock Exchange will serve as a fulcrum. Japanese markets are indeed closed due to a holiday. Traders seem reassured by the nuclear situation in the Archipelago which does not worsen and remain driven by the decision of G7 on the night of Thursday to Friday to intervene to counter soaring yen. On Monday, moreover, the Japanese currency continues its decline against the dollar at 80.90 yen against 80.59 Friday in New York.

In Hong Kong, the Hang Seng began the day with a rise of 1.30% and stabilized at this level. Around 7 o'clock he was earning 1.23% at 22,574 points. In Shanghai, the Shanghai Composite was more hesitant: it starts up slightly from 0.14% before returning to equilibrium (-0.09%).The Chinese investor is within the scope of the decision of the Central Bank on Friday to increase again by 50 basis points the rate of reserve requirements of banks. This is the third consecutive year, to fight against the abundance of liquidity creating inflation.

Other markets climb: in Korea, the KOSDAQ gained 1.78% in Australia, the S & P is 0.35% and the Indian Sensex gained 0.20%.

Nervousness

However, the increases are very conservative. In addition to Japan, for which the disaster is expected to cost $ 235 billion, or 4% of GDP by the World Bank, all eyes are again turned to Libya. The country of Muammar Gaddafi been since Saturday night of air strikes of the international coalition aimed at establishing a no-fly zone.The latter said Sunday have severely damaged the Libyan air defenses and preparing to attack from today's supply lines of forces regime.

"Investors are reluctant to go on the market after the rebound that followed the meltdown triggered by the nuclear crisis in Japan last week, told Dow Jones Newswires Anthony Anderson, broker at MF Global. "The rise of Wall Street has been encouraging, but it closed well below its high of the session, and nervousness persists on Monday," he added.

Oil rises

In this context, oil prices were up in morning trading in Asia. A barrel of light sweet crude for April delivery took 1.88 dollars to 102.95 dollars. That of Brent North Sea crude for May delivery gained 2.14 dollars to 116.07 dollars.

"Oil prices rose because of military attacks in Libya from the coalition. Oil facilities could be destroyed during strikes or when sabotage, "said Victor Shum of Purvin and Gertz firm.

The French remain hungry drugs, but the gap with other countries is reduced. The National Insurance Fund (NHIF) has reviewed the expenditures in the eight classes of common drugs, rather prescribed in town: antibiotics, oral antidiabetics, antidepressants, antiulcer, tranquilizers, drugs against asthma, cholesterol, hypertension . She compared the Hexagon with six neighbors.

First conclusion: if France remains a major consumer – second in volume behind the United Kingdom, where asthma are widely used – the amount of drug ingested per insured grew by only 0.5% per year between 2006 and 2009 . The increase is higher elsewhere. We are losing our leading example for antidepressants, falling to third place.The CNAM sees the result of "medical control spending" agreements with doctors' offices in sending delegates to counterbalance the visitors to the pharmaceutical industry …

Second conclusion: the expenditure in euros back a little, because generics are progressing and the price of some drugs has been reduced by the state. But it remains higher than all our neighbors. What explains the CNAM by two factors.

On the one hand, these prices remain high. On the other hand, we do not use the same drugs. When a molecule has a generic, it is this copy that is delivered in 79% of cases. But this performance cache to another phenomenon, against which the "Safely" fails to fight for years: the share of drugs with a generic, overall requirements, "is lower and declining," wrote the CNAM."The phenomenon of delay on the latest products, thus protected by a patent," and more expensive, remains deeply rooted. " 44% of statins prescribed in France are génériquées, against 94% in Germany!

"We have an attraction for innovation," says Hubert, German National Medical Officer. But innovation can be very modest. "The reps are" effective "in persuading doctors to prescribe new, says Fred Van Roekeghem. The director of the CNAM appeals to scientific bodies such as the High Authority of health practitioners to tell when a pseudo-innovation provides no therapeutic improvement. In the objectives of "merit pay" generalists, Medicare has included the prescription of generic products.She hopes to expand this system, individual and voluntary, in the next agreement with the medical unions, the negotiation must begin soon.

LE FIGARO. – How do you respond to the mobilization of 10 March for the Safeguarding of the cargo?

Pierre Blayau. – I do not understand the meaning of this mobilization, nor that of the poster campaign. She calls the station only when we have fulfilled our commitments. Today, the difficulties are more in the camp of RFF and the state. We are waiting for more decisions to achieve the objectives of the Grenelle Environment Forum, representing 25% of non-road freight by 2022. I confirm this, but if we are given the means to train ten companies that operate in France.

What do you mean exactly?

Our first expectation for regulating traffic. Courtesy of trucks of 44 tonnes is not really going in that direction.Secondly we also expect an improvement in the availability of slots, the slots allocated by RFF (Réseau Ferré de France) for the movement of trains. The situation continues to deteriorate in effect. Since the beginning of a train in three is affected by a change of course and last minute schedule. This is catastrophic! Finally, we expect decisions concerning the authorization to operate longer trains and kick off the Atlantic rail highways and increasing the capacity of the highway rail Alpine.

What are the goals you say you held?

They are many. We have reorganized the management of individual wagons, trains developed massive in Europe. We relaunched Novatrans and recapitalized, the leader of the handset. We relaunched Lorry-Rail in amount to four round trips and buying new cars.We were engaged two years ago to invest one billion euros in seven years. Moving into the highway rail Atlantic, we have already reached 400 million. Similarly Fret SNCF should publish in September its first indicators of carbon footprint. The commitments in terms of employment and training have been met.

With the reform of the wagon, you are accused of killing in this small fire by focusing on ordinary freight rail highways …

This is not the case. We found agreement with 95% of our customers affected by this reform, without raising tariffs in most cases. When it was dedicated solutions, we proposed increases of 5 to 30%. There will always be dissatisfied with any large group.I'm surprised some industry giants who have published excellent results react a bit exaggerated with modest rate increases absolutely free credit score. SNCF did not at all intend to disengage from this activity. We estimate in 2011 to make 200,000 cars against 300,000 in 2008 isolated.

How do you respond to those who say the station focuses on road freight to rail freight?

SNCF has always been a road haulier. Ten years ago, when I arrived at the head of Geodis, the station was already a shareholder. I now have two tasks: ensuring the best possible development for Geodis, the first French logistician with nearly 7 billion euros in sales and 30,000 employees. Meanwhile, I am dedicated to the restoration of rail freight. The two businesses are totally linked.Our clients ask us to move goods from one place to another. We offer solutions combining rail, road or river transport. It is true that we prefer the road.

Your optimism Fret SNCF will there soon be visible in your business and your results?

Starting this year, Fret SNCF is expected to increase traffic. Our growth is likely to be 10% at end 2012 compared to 2010. Hard to believe, but we refuse now freight trains because of problems of availability of train paths. Regarding our results, the reverse path in 2011 and we should be closer to 300 million loss in 2011 against 400 in 2010, mainly because of lower costs.But as noted by the firm Secafi Alpha, which has inspected our accounts, the economic model is far from easy.

Beyond your roadmap, which can improve the freight tracks you watch closely?

Two major issues are. Port logistics, first. The issue is very important for freight, including rail. Today the port is operating at about 30% of their technical capabilities. A real transformation would increase the volumes. The train engine and must be beneficial. An estimated one billion turnover is achieved by SNCF Geodis in our European ports. The second subject is transportation of goods in major cities. We work with several major cities including Paris, Lille, a new urban logistics.One can imagine putting up major platforms goods at the entrance of the localities served by train and then a delivery service for the last miles in vehicles. We subscribe to do in the dynamics of Greater Paris, where logistics is seeking its place. We must be imaginative. Look at Amsterdam, who chose not to let the city that trucks filled to 60%.